4. Arithmetic Operators
4.1 Basic Arithmetic Operators
| Operator |
Operation |
Python Example |
C Example |
+ |
Addition |
a + b |
a + b |
- |
Subtraction |
a - b |
a - b |
* |
Multiplication |
a * b |
a * b |
/ |
Division |
a / b |
a / b |
% |
Modulus |
a % b |
a % b |
4.2 Important Division Differences
Integer Division:
# Python 3
print(7 / 3) # Output: 2.333...
print(7 // 3) # Output: 2 (floor division)
// C
printf("%f\n", 7.0 / 3.0); // Output: 2.333333
printf("%d\n", 7 / 3); // Output: 2 (integer division)
printf("%f\n", (float)7 / 3); // Output: 2.333333 (type casting)
4.3 Assignment Operators
| Operator |
Equivalent |
Python |
C |
= |
Basic assignment |
x = 5 |
x = 5; |
+= |
Add and assign |
x += 3 |
x += 3; |
-= |
Subtract and assign |
x -= 3 |
x -= 3; |
*= |
Multiply and assign |
x *= 3 |
x *= 3; |
/= |
Divide and assign |
x /= 3 |
x /= 3; |
%= |
Modulus and assign |
x %= 3 |
x %= 3; |
4.4 Increment and Decrement Operators
Pre-increment vs Post-increment:
int x = 5;
int y, z;
y = ++x; // Pre-increment: x becomes 6, then y = 6
z = x++; // Post-increment: z = 6, then x becomes 7
// Equivalent operations:
x = x + 1; // Same as x++ or ++x when used alone
x += 1; // Same as above
Python vs C:
| Python |
C |
x += 1 |
x++ or ++x or x += 1 |
x -= 1 |
x-- or --x or x -= 1 |
4.5 Operator Precedence
| Priority |
Operators |
Associativity |
| 1 (Highest) |
++, -- (postfix) |
Left to right |
| 2 |
++, -- (prefix), +, - (unary) |
Right to left |
| 3 |
*, /, % |
Left to right |
| 4 |
+, - (binary) |
Left to right |
| 5 (Lowest) |
=, +=, -=, etc. |
Right to left |
No comments to display
No comments to display